The article presents the results of a short longitudinal anthropometric examination and the study of the formation of specific body functions in girls for a comprehensive assessment of physical and sexual development . The study covered 42 girls from the 5th, 6th, 7th grades of the NEFU School-Laboratory aged 11-13 years. It was revealed that half of the girls of the 5th and 6th grades had an average harmonious physical development, in contrast to the girls of the 7th grade, which were characterized by disharmonious physical development. Sexual development in most girls was within the age range. Pelviometry performed in girls of the 5th and 6th grades showed that the sizes of the pelvis corresponded to the age indicators. In girls of the 7th grade, in more than half of the cases (61.5 %), the processes of the formation of the obstetric pelvis continued. Signs of dysmenorrhea were found in one 6th grade girl. The health status of girls was deteriorating, as evidenced by the increase in the number of children with chronic diseases from 15.4 % in the 5th grade to 61.5 % in the 7th grade. Almost half (46.2 %) of 5th grade schoolgirls had scoliosis and flat feet. The main functional parameters of the respiratory and cardiovascular system were within the age norms.

The article describes the contribution of the gender factor to the course of infiltrative tuberculosis, based on the analysis of medical records of 58 patients who were admitted to the Respiratory Tuberculosis Department of the Phthisiology Research-practical Center in 2018. All the patients demonstrated symptoms of intoxication of varying intensity. So, upon admission, men complained of weakness in 24 % of cases, women complained of weakness in 21 %. It should be noted that sweating occurred in 14 % of women and 3 % of men, weight loss was observed in 14 % of male patients, women lost weight in 7 % of cases. When considering the prevalence of the tuberculous process, it was revealed that the process was widespread in most patients, since it was localized in 1 segment - 48 % in men and 38 % in women, in 2 segments - 45 % and 52 %, respectively. It should also be noted that the defeat of the whole lobe of the lung was observed in 5 men and 7 women. In the study of drug resistance, mono-resistance was observed in 14 % of men, and in 7 % of women, multidrug resistance was registered in 24 % of cases in men and in 14 % in women. When considering concomitant diseases, it was revealed that 17 % of men suffer from alcohol dependence, 17 % of women suffer from chronic hepatitis, it should be noted that chronic cholecystitis in women was 3 times more common than in men; however, despite this, it is noted that clinical x-ray improvement occurred faster in women than in men. When studying the effectiveness of treatment, it was found that the closure of the decay cavities in men was achieved after 4 months in 28 % of the cases, in women - in 24 %. The cessation of bacterial excretion in female patients occurred after 3-4 months in 42 %, in men - in 35 % of the cases.

Among all cardiovascular diseases in Russia, the most common reason for adults seeking medical attention is various forms of ischemic heart disease (IHD), including its acute forms denoted by the term “acute coronary syndrome” (ACS). Stress-induced cardiomyopathy (CMP) is one of the diseases that physicians treating ACS face. In both cases, the main complaints are chest pain and/or shortness of breath, and during ECG, most patients (up to 90 %) have ST segment elevation. The article presents clinical cases of patients with Takotsubo syndrome, a stress-induced cardiomyopathy that mimics acute myocardial infarction. It described 3 cases of the disease in women of 34, 42 and 64 years of age. The emotional or physical stress very often plays a role in the etiopathogenesis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy; however, in the patients we examined, acutely manifested cardiomyopathy was not provoked by a stressful situation, but a physical history was present in 3 women treated by us. The ECG showed a picture of acute myocardial infarction, the echocardiography showed signs of left ventricular dysfunction, zones of impaired local contractility of the left ventricular segments, while selective coronary angiography did not reveal stenotic changes in subepicardial coronary arteries. Within 5-9 days, the listed changes underwent complete regression against the background of medical therapy in the hospital.

The aim of the research was to study the clinical manifestations of Meckel’s diverticulum in children. Most often, a diverticulum causes strangulation obstruction in newborns and young children, manifested by a clinic of acute intestinal obstruction. It can cause intestinal intussusception with a characteristic clinical and radiological picture at an early age. The diagnosis of Meckel’s diverticulum as a source of obstruction is established only with surgical intervention. One of the frequent formidable complications of a diverticulum is intestinal bleeding, the cause of which can be the bleeding Meckel’s diverticulum, with the exception of the source of bleeding in the upper digestive tract. A diverticulum can occur in older children with diverticulitis, causing the clinical picture of an “acute abdomen”. Rarely, Meckel’s diverticulum can serve as a reservoir for swallowed foreign bodies of the digestive tract and can be diagnosed accidentally during x-ray examination for another pathology. The article provides an analysis of 18 children admitted to the surgical departments of the Pediatric Center over the past 15 years with the above complications.

Cerebral stroke is a significant medical and social problem due to the high level of disability and long-term rehabilitation. However, there are no accessible rehabilitation methods which, on the basis of video games, would allow the rehabilitation of lost functions to continue on an outpatient basis. The purpose of the study was to develop and study the effectiveness of the experimental video game “Labyrinth” in the early recovery period of cerebral stroke. Materials and research methods. The video game was developed using the C ++ and Directx 11 programming languages. The clinical part of the study was carried out on the basis of the Department of Medical Rehabilitation of Republic’s Hospital No. 3. The study covered two groups: the main group consisted of 10, the control group - 5 patients. Standard rehabilitation measures (physiotherapy exercises, physiotherapy) and drug therapy according to the main and related diagnoses were performed in patients of both groups. The patients of the main group underwent additional training using the developed video game. Objectification of motor disorders was carried out using the Berg balance scale and stabilometry. The results of the study. The patients of the main group were characterized by a large increase in points on the Berg balance scale (3.5 [2.5; 7.3] points against 2.0 [0.5; 5.0] points, p = 0.013), as well as a statistically significant decrease the displacement of the center of pressure along the frontal axis (-1.8 [-7.4; 1.7] mm versus 1.2 [-2.4; 11.6] mm, p = 0.002). Patients who received training in a sitting position showed a more pronounced decrease in the area of statokinesiogram (-100.2 [-139.4; -54.8] mm2 against -74.7 [-99.6; 133.4] mm2, p = 0.003), and patients who received training in a standing position showed a more pronounced decrease in energy consumption (-82.7 [-206.8; -23.6] mJ / s against 2.9 [-170.6; 71, 4] mJ / s, p = 0.001). Conclusion. The developed video game “Labyrinth” has a positive effect on the restoration of motor functions in the early rehabilitation period of cerebral stroke. It remains an open question the long-term preservation of the effect of a video game, as well as its effect on cognitive function.

The RSPO is a global non-profit initiative that unites stakeholders from the seven sectors of the palm oil industry to develop and implement global standards for sustainable palm oil. When properly applied, these criteria help minimize the negative impact of palm oil cultivation on the environment and communities in palm oil-producing regions. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of RSPO on the quality of life (QoL) of smallholders, with domains such as physical, psychological, social, and environmental aspects based on WHO. Material and methods. A single-stage study was conducted by a sociological survey on the analysis of the study of the quality of life among smallholders around the age of 20 - 60 years old (n=62). Results. When analyzing the results of the survey, it was found that respondents, regardless of their level of income and knowledge (high or low), believe that they have a good quality of life in terms of physical, psychological, and social. However, the quality of life according to the characteristics of the environmental is at low level. According to the RSPO standard, if one of the quality of life components is not adequate, then the RSPO is not yet stable. Thus, this study not only presents data in descriptive form, but also provides solutions related to the principles of the RSPO standards for improving the quality of life of smallholders in Indonesia.

Relevance: Breast cancer remains one of the most common oncological diseases. In women with cancer, breast cancer was diagnosed in 25 % of the cases. These facts determine the need for a comprehensive assessment of the organization of medical care for patients with the studied pathology in Russia. Purpose: to evaluate changes in the organization of medical care for patients with breast malignancies over 10 years in the period from 2009 to 2019. Materials and methods: a survey of expert oncologists who had experience in participating in international clinical trials was conducted. The questionnaire was developed by specialists in public health and healthcare using the Delphi method. For data processing, statistical, mathematical and analytical research methods were used. Results: positive dynamic was noted in terms of clinical and economic availability of medical technologies, which increased the possibility of using targeted therapy and treatment of previously incurable patients. The level of awareness and perception among specialists and patients also increased, which increased the level of compliance. A number of administrative barriers remain both in terms of personnel policy and drug provision. Conclusion: the obtained results allowed identifying the main directions for improving the organization of medical care for breast cancer in Russia.

The article presents a comparative description of the indicators for assessing the medical and demographic situation (birth rate, mortality, natural population growth, infant mortality, nuptiality and divorce) in Verkhnevilyuysky, Verkhoyansky, Tattinsky and Even-Bytantaisky Districts in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). These districts were selected for the study in accordance with the Program for Comprehensive Scientific Research in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) for the years 2016-2020. For the analysis of medical and demographic indicators, the percentile (centile) method was used by us in developing the criteria for the regionalization of the North of the Russian Federation and for the preparation of a number of scientific articles was applied. In general, in the indicated 4 districts, the medical and demographic situation is favorable. However, it should be noted that in some years there were levels below the average birth rate and natural population growth, as well as levels above the average of total mortality in Verkhoyansky and Eveno-Bytantaysky Disctircts, which are part of the Arctic zone of the republic. In addition, the relatively low level of marriage of the population in the four districts was observed, as well as a high infant mortality rate in Eveno-Bytantaysky District. For a full assessment of the health status of the population living in these districts, we recommend reading our articles published in the series “Medical Sciences” in 2018, which provide an analysis of morbidity and disability.

The article describes the study of determining the level of carbon monoxide (CO) in the exhaled air among smoking and non-smoking schoolchildren of Yakutsk using the MicroCO gas analyzer. The determination of CO in exhaled air is a simple method for monitoring tobacco use, for which gas analyzer or smokerlyzer is used. These devices are widely used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes for anti-smoking purposes. The method is simple and does not require special preliminary training, premedication and performing specific respiratory maneuvers. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of CO in exhaled air among smoking and non-smoking schoolchildren of Yakutsk using the MicroCO gas analyzer. A total of 312 adolescents were examined, whose age ranged from 13 to 17 years, including 86 (27.6 %) and 226 non-smokers (72.4 %) smokers. Among them 184 were boys (59 %) and 128 were girls (41 %). All of them lived in the city of Yakutsk. Smokers were selected based on the results of a rapid test for the determination of cotinine in urine (nicotine metabolite). In non-smoking schoolchildren, the average concentration of CO was 2.8 ± 0.9 ppm, while 96 % had a low level (0-6 ppm), and 4 % had an average level (7-10 ppm). In smoking schoolchildren, the average concentration of CO was 8.1 ± 1.2 ppm and the distribution of the indicator values revealed a high level in 76 % (11 ppm higher), an average level in 10 % (7-10 ppm) and a low level in 14 % (0-6 ppm). Of the non-smokers group, 4 % of CO exceeded the standard indicators, which confirmed the fact of smoking. Thus, the determination of carbon monoxide in exhaled air using a MicroCO gas analyzer confirms the fact of active and passive smoking, and is a high-quality and non-invasive method that gives a quick response and can be used in an anti-smoking program and promoting healthy lifestyle.