DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY IN THE SAKHA REPUBLIC (YAKUTIA)

Obesity in children and adolescents is one of the urgent problems of modern health care. The relevance of the problem is due to the steady increase in the number of patients with obesity, involvement of vital organs in the pathological process, progressive course and unfavorable prognosis. Clinical changes of the digestive organs in patients with obesity can vary greatly, characterized by the presence of comorbidity, which further exacerbates the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical picture in children and adolescents with obesity and pathology of the digestive system in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The paper analyzes the nature of lesions of the digestive system in 250 overweight and obese children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years, based on the materials of the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Gastroenterology and the Advisory Clinic of the Sakha Republic’s Hospital 1 - National Center of Medicine. The comparison group consisted of 250 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years, who had average growth and body weight for their age and sex with digestive pathologies. All children underwent the standard examination, which included anamnesis, clinical examination of organs and systems. In the children with obesity, compared with the children with normal body weight, signs of metabolic syndrome were revealed. Also, according to the clinical data, it was found that in the children with obesity, compared with the control group, the structure of diseases of the digestive system was dominated by liver, biliary tract and pancreas diseases. These clinical symptoms completely coincide with the established clinical diagnoses. By the ethnicity factor, it was found that children of the Mongoloid race were more susceptive to such diseases as inflammatory changes in the esophagus (superficial esophagitis), chronic gastroduodenitis (CGD), liver disease - non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), pancreatic disease (steatosis), hypermotor gall bladder dysfunction, and functional disorders of the intestine.

obesity, overweight, children, digestive organs, liver pathology, biliary tract, pancreas, diseases, clinical characteristics

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