Myocarditis in Newborns and Cerebral Ischemia: A Systematic Analysis of Cardiocerebral Interactions in the Neonatal Period

Characterized by high mortality and the risk of life-threatening complications, newborn myocarditis remains one of the most severe pathologies in the structure of neonatal cardiology. Cerebral consequences, particularly ischemic brain injuries, are often underestimated, although they may determine the long-term neurological prognosis. Aim. To present a systemic analysis of the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia in newborns with myocarditis from the perspective of P.K. Anokhin’s theory of functional systems, to identify clinical and instrumental predictors, and to substantiate the need for a multidisciplinary approach. Material and methods. A literature review was conducted, and a clinical case from the author’s practice is presented. Results. Cardiocerebral disturbances are based on a mismatch in the functional system that ensures adequate brain perfusion; ischemia can develop even without critical hypotension. Key predictors include reduced heart rate variability, increased resistance index in cerebral arteries, decreased regional oxygen saturation, and latent metabolic disturbances. Conclusion. Newborn myocarditis requires mandatory monitoring of cerebral status using neurosonography, cerebral oximetry, and heart rate variability analysis. An integrative approach is essential for improving outcomes. 

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