Intraosseous myofibroma of the mandible in a child patient: clinical observation

Abstract

Myofibroma is a rare benign neoplasm of spindle-shaped cells, which is mainly found in infants and young children. The low growth rate and the tendency to thinning of cortical plates imitate the behavior of odontogenic tumors and tumor-like lesions. Clinically and microscopically, myofibroma may be mistaken for another benign tumor. In the classic version, these lesions are described in children younger than 2 years of age, and are rarely found in adults. Most lesions are localized on the lip, mucous membrane of the cheek and tongue; however, lesions occurring in the jaws are very rare. There are contradictions regarding autosomal dominant, recessive inheritance or sporadic occurrence. The rarity of this disease makes diagnosis difficult for clinicians, radiation diagnosticians and morphologists. Myofibroma has an aggressive clinical picture and is often undergoing radical treatment due to an incorrect diagnosis. Excochleation is the treatment of choice for children with lower jaw myofibroma. A case of myofibroma in the lower jaw is presented in a 3-year-old patient who clinically imitated ameloblastoma and had no classic signs of damage. The diagnosis was established only after a histopathological examination, and a 6-month follow-up did not reveal a relapse.