PRIMARY HEADACHES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE: MODERN VIEWS AND NEW OPPORTUNITIES

Headaches are one of the most frequent complaints of patients in neurological practice. According to epidemiological studies, 79 % of the population of Europe, 75 % - Latvia, and 62 % - Russia suffer from cephalgia. Headaches are one of the common causes of disability, and the cost of treating one patient in the United States exceeds $ 8,000 a year. This circumstance determines the social and economic burden of the headache. In 2018, the International Headache Society adopted the 3rd edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. According to this Classification, all headaches are divided into primary, secondary and cranial neuralgia. Despite the achievement of modern medicine, Russia still faces hypodiagnosis of primary headaches. The most common forms of headaches are migraine, tension type headache and trigeminal (vegetative) cephalgia. This article presents the modern criteria for the diagnosis of primary headaches, discusses the role of new drugs, such as CGRP antagonists, innovative neuromodulation methods (vagus stimulation, occipital nerve stimulation, Cefaly devices). Our own clinical observation of a patient with a headache is presented.

headache, cephalalgia, migraine, tension headache, trigeminal cephalgia, diagnostics, treatment, neuromodulation, vagus stimulation, occipital nerve stimulation, CGRP antagonists

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