CRANIOFACIAL COMPLEX OF BRACHYCRANE SKULLS

The development of new and improvement of existing methods of diagnostics and surgical interventions on the skull are based on knowledge of the craniofacial complex. The purpose of the article is to determine the typical morphometric characteristics of the cerebral and facial parts of the skull. The linear dimensions of 64 skulls of both sexes were studied. The cranial index of preparations was ≥80.0, which corresponds to brachycranial type. 36 skulls belonged to men and 28 to women of mature age. Longitudinal (length of the vault and base of the skull, length of the base and upper height of the facial part) and transverse (width of the vault and base of the skull, width and depth of the facial part) parameters of the skulls were studied. The basilar and upper facial indexes are also studied. The limits of the values of these parameters are determined. The results of the study did not reveal a statistically significant difference in skull parameters of males and females. At the same time, the variability of the length of the base of the cerebral part of the skull was greater than the variability of the width on male skulls. The width of the facial part of the skull had greater variability compared to the length of the base of the facial part in preparations of both sexes. The depth of the upper and middle parts of the facial skull had similar values (p>0.05). The depth of the lower part of the facial part of the skull exceeded the depth of the upper and middle parts, as well as the length of the base of the facial part of the skull (p<0.001). Among all the considered brachycranial skulls, the brachybasilar form of the skull base and the euryprosopic form of the facial part predominated. In addition, combinations of the studied type of skull with mesobasilar and dolichobasilar forms of the base and with mesoprosopic and leptoprosopic forms of the facial part of the skull were revealed.

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