Children who get sick often: clinical features and microbiological characteristics of upper respiratory ways

Acute respiratory diseases are the most frequent in the structure of the overall incidence of children. Thus, in 2005-2006, according to the Federal Center for Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance of the Russian Federation, the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children was slightly less than 50 thousand cases per 100 thousand children, accounting for over 70 % of the registered infectious pathology of childhood. Almost every fifth child belongs to the group of ‘often-sick’ children. The main criterion for selection of patients in the OSC group is the incidence rate of acute respiratory infections, the maximum incidence of which occurs between 6 months and 6 years of age and averages from 4 to 6 diseases per year. This article presents the results of a single-stage retrospective study - an analysis of 60 outpatient cards of young children. The study included outpatient records of patients observed in the group of often-sick children. Among the main risk factors for the increased incidence of this contingent of children were identified: the burdened history of mothers, which is one of the forerunners of the development of immunological deficiency and contributes to the occurrence of recurrent inflammatory diseases in children; early transfer to artificial or mixed feeding, also gives grounds to attribute this fact to one of the further risks of developing frequent respiratory diseases; The most common nosological form of the disease was respiratory pathology of the upper and middle respiratory tract. In all children, violations of microbial colonization of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and oropharynx, which were manifested by a decrease in indicators of environmental significance and the dominance of normal symbionts, were found. This fact makes it necessary to include in the rehabilitation programs of frequently ill children preparations that restore the normal microflora of the upper respiratory tract. In addition, the often-sick children needs to be examined not only by the pediatrician, but also by the ENT doctor, including an assessment of the condition of the tonsils, adenoids, nasal cavities and the eardrum.

often-sick children, early age, acute respiratory infections, microbial landscape

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