It is known that disturbances in the functioning of the body’s regulatory systems significantly alter a person’s ability to adapt to the conditions of the place of residence, depending on climatic and geographical conditions, biogeochemical factors and can lead, among other things, to disturbances in the functioning of the endocrine glands. Timely diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the endocrine system is a priority task of medicine in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). In this regard, great importance is attached to regional programs to improve the quality of life of residents of the republic, taking into account territorial, ethnic characteristics in the context of modern socio-economic development. Within the framework of these programs, projects are being carried out for a multifactorial study of the health status of the indigenous and newcomer population in different districts of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). In this work, we used the results of a study of the hormonal status in residents of the central and northern regions (for example, Tattinsky and Verkhoyansky Districts). It is known that changes in the hormonal spectrum of the body can cause serious diseases, the development of endocrine pathology, including the development of metabolic syndrome. Early diagnosis and competent interpretation of these changes, taking into account regional characteristics, can significantly improve the methods of disease prevention, which is one of the priority tasks of modern medicine.

The paper studied the effect of cold weather exercises based on temperature contrast effects in combination with physical exercises on the body of children aged 10-12 years (primary school age) in an educational institution. The human body responds by mobilizing the adaptive mechanisms of regulatory systems, in particular, the blood and endocrine system, to the impact of stressful environmental factors, including cold weather exercises. A correctly selected mode of cold weather exercises effects is an important condition, since the neuroendocrine system of the child’s body is not fully formed. Cold weather exercises were carried out three times a week in the morning in strict accordance with certain stages from September 2018 to May 2019. The level of hormones (TSH, cortisol, testosterone, prolactin) and white blood counts in the examined children were assessed. It was found that the studied parameters in the mean value in all examined children corresponded to the age-sex physiological standards and statistically significant differences between the groups were not revealed. A positive correlation between thyroid-stimulating hormone and leukocytes was noted both in the control and in the experimental groups. The selected mode of cold weather exercises is adequate for the child’s body and can contribute to the development of protective adaptive forces.

The purpose of this work was to study the properties of attention and the volume of short-term verbal memory, depending on the psychoemotional state of the body, in particular the level of neuroticism (psychoemotional stability), situational and personal anxiety, among university students in the North. The research covered students from among volunteers, whose average age was 19.56 ± 0.21 years (n = 51). The study of the personality-emotional parameters of the organism was carried out using generally accepted methods: the Eysenck questionnaire (EPI) and the Spielberger questionnaire modified by Khanin. The study of the volume of short-term auditory and visual memory, the properties of attention was carried out using automated methods at the APK “NS-Psychotest” (LLC “Neurosoft”, Ivanovo, Russia). The results of our research showed that cognitive processes depend on the emotional state of a person. Thus, the majority of students with high neuroticism had a high volume and attentional set-shifting. The level of situational and personal anxiety had a greater impact on the switchability of attention - an increased psycho-emotional stress leads to an increased attentional set-shifting. In addition, an increased level of personal anxiety can lead to a decreased attention span. A high CT level leads to a decreased memory size, and a high LT level leads to an increased memory size.

Arterial hypertension plays an important role in human pathology due to their participation in the mechanisms of cardiovascular complications development. The identification of the causes and main mechanisms of the development of arterial hypertension remain topical issues of modern medicine. The paper presents the results of a study aimed at identifying the relationship between the development of arterial hypertension and heliogeophysical disturbance at high latitudes (Tiksi, Arctic zone of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)). The coincidence of the maxima of the temporal change in geomagnetic disturbance (Kp-index) and the number of calls of people to the ambulance service and the polyclinic of the Central hospital of Bulunsky District for arterial hypertension (AH) in 2017 was found. The patients with primary (essential) hypertension experienced hypertensive crises 2 - 3 times more likely on days of increased geophysical disturbance. The article presents the results of studying the frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms of genes encoding the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of aldosterone (CYP11B2 -344 T> C); guanine, a nucleotide binding protein (GNB3 825 C> T); an enzyme involved in the synthesis of nitric oxide (NOS3 -786 T> C and 894 G> T) in different ethnic groups of residents suffering from arterial hypertension.in the Arctic zone of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia).

The medical and social significance of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) is beyond doubt and is due to the high incidence of this comorbid pathology, poor prognosis, and difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. The leading position in the prevalence and impact on the prognosis of COPD is occupied by comorbid cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and CHF, in particular. The purpose of the analysis of this clinical case was to study the features of clinical manifestations, diagnostic studies and therapy in a patient with concomitant pathology: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic heart failure. In this clinical case, the patient had a combination of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and coronary artery disease, as well as angina pectoris, complicated by chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The background diseases contributing to the development of these pathologies were obesity of the 1st degree and hypertension. The patient had general symptoms characteristic of CHF and COPD, characteristic changes in laboratory and instrumental research methods. In the treatment, the main groups of drugs recommended for the treatment of this combined pathology and having no contraindications in this particular patient were used: a cardioselective β-adrenergic blocker, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, an antagonist of mineralocorticoid receptors, an inhaled glucocorticosteroid, indicated for exacerbation of COPD, a combined short-acting bronchodilator with a bronchodilator purpose and a long-acting M-anticholinergic.

Today the problem of restoring the ceramic coating has not been completely solved, especially with regard to crowns in metal ceramic prostheses, which remains an urgent issue. The purpose of the research was to develop a method of restoring the ceramic coating when chipping a ceramic crown as part of prosthetic bridge by completely removing the remaining ceramic veneer and fixing the telescopic ceramic metal structure (crown) to the existing metal base. Material and research methods. 25 patients of both genders were examined with deep and volumetric chippings of ceramic coating to metal from vestibular and occlusive sides of metal-ceramic crown, which is part of bridge-shaped metal-ceramic prosthesis fixed in oral cavity. To solve this problem, a method of restoring the integrity of the ceramic coating of a ceramic metal crown as part of a bridge prosthesis was proposed. The proposed method includes restoration of fractured ceramic coatings of metal-ceramic crowns in patients of both genders, having metal-ceramic dentures. A satisfactory functional and cosmetic result was obtained in all cases, where the integral structure allowed maintaining the strength and aesthetic properties of the restored part of the metal ceramic crown.

For a long time, many researchers have noted a high incidence of purulent inflammatory diseases (PID) in newborns, which occupy one of the leading positions in the structure of infectious diseases of the neonatal period. The causes are anatomical and physiological features of the skin structure; subcutaneous fat of newborns; a developed network of blood and lymphatic capillaries; features of the skin microbiome; the presence of umbilical wound; reduced resistance to infections; infectious diseases of the mother, in particular, urogenital infections during pregnancy and childbirth; as well as the widespread occurrence of gram-negative enterobacteria in medical establishments (such as E. Coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus). In addition, in the etiological structure of purulent-inflammatory diseases in newborn children, there is a high proportion of chlamydia and mycoplasmosis, which contribute to a more severe flow of diseases. Purulent-inflammatory diseases of newborns are divided into two groups: local and generalized forms. In the structure of purulent-inflammatory diseases in full-term newborns, 18-25 % are local forms of purulent infection of the skin, subcutaneous fiber and umbilical wound, which is the source of the generation of the purulent process, the lethality of which, according to various authors, is from 30 to 40 %. This article provides data on the peculiarities of clinical manifestations of local forms of newborn with PID and their etiological structure.

The intensive development of scientific and technological progress has led to a change of the nature of human motor activity in the modern society, which is reflected in decreased adaptive capabilities of a person, their resistance to various stressful influences and, in general, leads to physical inactivity. As a result, the general well-being of a person suffers, their working capacity decreases. Therefore, physical education contributes to a significant improvement in the general state of human health. The aim of the article was to assess the effect of the A.N. Strelnikova’s breathing exercises in combination with the exercises of the Chinese qigong health-improving practice to enhance functional indicators and anthropometric changes in the human body based on the Student’s t-test. To achieve this goal, an empirical database was collected at the Ylyk Health Club in Yakutsk in the period February-April 2021. The sample included 25 new members of the club, engaged in gymnastics, for which the values of functional and anthropometric measurements were recorded at the beginning and end of the analyzed period. On the basis of the obtained database, the necessary statistical characteristics were calculated (mean value of indicators, mode, median, mean linear deviation, standard deviation, standard errors); and to assess the degree of difference in indicators for all anthropometric measurements at the beginning and end of the analyzed period, a statistical Student’s t-test was used. According to the results of the assessment, it was concluded that the effectiveness of the use of the Strelnikova’s breathing exercises in combination with the exercises of the Chinese qigong health-improving practice was confirmed with a high degree of probability.

This article presents an analysis of scholarly opinions and statistics on demographics in Russia. In order to raise the birth rate, a program was introduced that provides material support to families deciding to give birth or adopt a child. Many experts note that the birth rate in Russia is low due to the low level of the financial situation of the population. This programme has had an impact on maternal and child health, on the living conditions of families with children, etc. However, material stimulus is clearly not enough. The implementation of the program has achieved its goal in relation to a certain category of citizens, without significantly changing the general trend, because it is based on slightly different reasons, which at the moment all remain almost without due attention. The migration growth, which used to cover natural losses of the population in the majority of the cities, and smooth disproportions of age structure of the population in the last year, practically stopped due to the epidemiological situation during the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the analysis, the author found that as of 1 January 2021, the permanent population of the Russian Federation amounted to 146,8 million people, of which 109.4 million, or 74.5 %, were urban residents, and 37.4 million, or 25.5 %, were rural residents. By specific weight among the inhabitants of Russia, women make up 54 %, men - 46 %. Of the federal districts, the Central Federal District is the most populous, while the rural population in it is 17.8 %. The largest percentage of rural residents are in the North Caucasus and Southern Federal Districts. The author also proposed measures to solve the demographic problem in Russia.

The psychoemotional sphere of a person is exposed to many factors from the outside. The transition to distance learning is one of such factors, which has become a forced measure during the spread of COVID-19. The aim of the work was to study the features of the psychological state of the 1^st-year students of the Institute of Medicine, NEFU, during distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted by means of a survey, which covered 100 1st-year students of the Institute of Medicine, NEFU, followed by the formulation of the most striking trends manifested in the psycho-emotional sphere among the students. In the course of the study, psychological, emotional and cognitive difficulties encountered by students were identified, attempts were made to trace the level of such disorders in students who have and have not undergone COVID-19 in distance learning, practical recommendations were given to minimize negative trends in the field of psycho-emotional sphere of students.