CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME: CONSERVATIVE AND SURGICAL TREATMENT
https://doi.org/10.25587/2587-5590-2025-1-14-24
Abstract
Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common polyethological neuropathy of the peripheral nervous system characterized by compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel area. The disease is more common in middle-aged and elderly women, as well as in people whose professions involve intensive manual work, for example, engineers, programmers, medical professionals, seamstresses. The main risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome include: old age (over 60 years), overweight (BMI > 30 kg/m2), type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, other endocrine disorders (acromegaly, myxedema, Bazedov’s disease), rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases of the musculoskeletal system, genetic predisposition, metabolic disorders (gout, amyloidosis), as well as the presence of bulky formations in the carpal tunnel. The pathogenesis of carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by compression of the median nerve, leading to ischemia and dysfunction of nerve fibers. The clinical picture of carpal tunnel syndrome varies depending on the degree of nerve compression and includes characteristic symptoms: night pain, which increases during routine activities; paresthesia and numbness in the thumb, index, middle fingers, as well as in the radial half of the ring finger; muscle weakness and atrophy of the tenar muscles in advanced cases. Diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome is based on the collection of medical history, neurological examination and instrumental methods (electromyography, electroneurography, ultrasound). Treatment can be either conservative (immobilization, drug therapy, physiotherapy) or surgical (decompression of the median nerve). The choice of treatment method is determined by the stage of the disease and the severity of the symptoms.
About the Authors
I. M. Vashirkina
National Research Mordovia State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Irina M. Vashirkina, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor
ResearcherID: rid57932, Scopus Author ID: 87305621974
Saransk
G. V. Smirnova
National Research Mordovia State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Galina V. Smirnova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor
ResearcherID: rid16489, Scopus Author ID: 68497113589
Saransk
V. V. Pronin
National Research Mordovia State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vadim V. Pronin
ResearcherID: rid95678, Scopus Author ID: 57484934551
Saransk
M. V. Arzhakaeva
National Research Mordovia State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Mariana V. Arzhakaeva
ResearcherID: rid77684, Scopus Author ID: 88955437054
Saransk
O. V. Kabanov
National Research Mordovia State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Oleg V. Kabanov, Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor
ResearcherID: rid56897, Scopus Author ID: 57225275219
Saransk
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Review
For citations:
Vashirkina I.M., Smirnova G.V., Pronin V.V., Arzhakaeva M.V., Kabanov O.V. CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME: CONSERVATIVE AND SURGICAL TREATMENT. Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. Medical Sciences. 2025;(1):14-24. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25587/2587-5590-2025-1-14-24
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