vfumedВестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета имени М.К. Аммосова. Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. Серия «Медицинские науки. Medical Sciences»Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. Medical Sciences2587-5590Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова10.25587/2587-5590-2026-2-59-69vfumed-452Research ArticleКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНАCLINICAL MEDICINEНейроанатомические особенности при синдроме Жиля де ля ТуреттаNeuroanatomical features in Giles de la Tourette syndromehttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-7312-7750НурматоваД. А.NurmatovaD. A.

НУРМАТОВА Дилором Абдусаламовна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий отделением неврологии детей старшего возраста

г. Ташкент

NURMATOVA, Dilorom Abdusalamovna, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Neurology of Older Children

Tashkent

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6547-6622ЖуковаН. Г.ZhukovaN. G.

ЖУКОВА Наталья Григорьевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры неврологии и нейрохирургии

г. Томск

ZHUKOVA, Natalia Grigorievna, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery

Tomsk

znatali@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-2184-2708СайфитдинхужаевЗ. Ф.SayfitdinkhuzhaevZ. F.

САЙФИТДИНХУЖАЕВ Зайнутдинхужа Фазлиддинхужа угли, лаборант-исследователь кафедральной научно-образовательной лаборатории когнитивной нейрофизиологии психосоматических отношений 

г. Томск

SAYFITDINKHUZHAYEV, Zaynutdinkhuzha Fazliddinkhuzha ugli, Research Assistant, Department of Scientific and Educational Laboratory of Cognitive Neurophysiology of Psychosomatic Relationships

Tomsk

sayfutdinxodjaev2002@gmail.comГородская детская клиническая больница № 1УзбекистанCity Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 1UzbekistanСибирский государственный медицинский университетРоссияSiberian State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202612072026025969Copyright © Нурматова Д.А., Жукова Н.Г., Сайфитдинхужаев З.Ф., 20262026Нурматова Д.А., Жукова Н.Г., Сайфитдинхужаев З.Ф.Nurmatova D.A., Zhukova N.G., Sayfitdinkhuzhaev Z.F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.smnsvfu.ru/jour/article/view/452

Тиковые расстройства, в том числе синдром Жиля де ля Туретта, представляют собой патологию психоневрологического развития и распространены в детской популяции. Клинические проявления этих расстройств варьируются в зависимости от индивидуальных особенностей, возраста, пола и наличия или отсутствия сопутствующих заболеваний. Патофизиология этих расстройств включает комбинацию генетических, экологических, психологических, иммунологических и нейробиологических факторов. С точки зрения фундаментальной нейрофизиологии синдром Жиля де ля Туретта связывают с нейрохимическим дисбалансом моноаминов и структурно-функциональными изменениями, затрагивающими нейронные сети, обеспечивающие двигательные акты: базальные ганглии, таламус и поясная кора. Существующие исследования демонстрируют вовлечение гораздо большего количества областей мозга, таких как префронтальная кора и мозжечок. В данной статье представлены последние исследования, описывающие нейроанатомические особенности у пациентов с синдромом Жиля де ля Туретта. Выявлена связь клинических проявлений заболевания с морфометрическими характеристиками базальных ганглиев, таламуса, мозжечка, поясной извилины и префронтальной коры пациентов с синдромом Жиля де ля Туретта.

Tic disorders, in particular Tourette syndrome, are a neurodevelopmental disorder common in the pediatric population. The clinical manifestations of these disorders vary greatly depending on individual characteristics, age, gender, and the presence or absence of comorbidities. The pathophysiology of these disorders is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, psychological, immunological, and neurobiological factors. From a fundamental neurophysiological perspective, Tourette syndrome is associated with a neurochemical imbalance of monoamines and structural and functional changes affecting, in particular, neural networks involved in the processing and coordination of movements: the basal ganglia, thalamus, motor cortex, and cingulate cortex. To date, studies have demonstrated the involvement of many more brain areas, such as the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum. This article presents the latest research on neuroanatomical features in patients with Tourette syndrome and healthy individuals. During the analysis of the literature, a connection was found between the clinical manifestations of the disease and the morphometric characteristics of the basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, cingulate gyrus and prefrontal cortex of patients.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.